Europe stretches from Russia in the north to Greece in the south, west to the Azores and east to Russia again. Forty-eight countries in all, there is enormous diversity.
The countries of Western Europe are prosperous and stable, while some of the Central and Eastern European states are shaking off the memory of Communism and enjoying the benefits of EU membership, welcoming tourists to their under-discovered cities, beaches and ski resorts.
Europe's capitals are jewel-like, each one more spectacular than the next. Paris is the City of Lights, the most beautiful and romantic capital; stately Vienna was the centre of the Habsburg Empire for more than 600 years; red-roofed Prague the city of a hundred spires and medieval Krakow, once royal capital of Poland.
The continent offers a wealth of holiday ideas: touring the Burren in Ireland, viewing the Northern Lights in Norway or Sweden, skiing in France or Switzerland or lying on the beach in Spain or Portugal.
The rise of the low-cost airline has helped to make Europe more accessible. Airlines offering cheap flights to Europe have opened up countries, revealed little-known tourist gems, and allowed people to live in one state and work in another.
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Europe is well connected by planes, trains and buses. It is easy to take flights between major cities, especially if you start or finish in the UK, Ireland, Germany, or France — all countries where low-cost carriers offer cheap Europe flights.
Trains run throughout mainland Europe and, since the Eurotunnel was constructed, also connect the UK to France. Check out www.raileurope.com for tickets and advice as well as interactive route maps.
Buses (coaches) are readily available and a much cheaper way of travelling. However, they are typically a lot slower and often more uncomfortable than trains. Eurolines is a good low-cost coach operator to check.
If you’re driving, consider renting a diesel car. Diesels often get better mileage and are a great deal in countries that subsidize diesel. Drive on the left in Ireland and the United Kingdom, and keep the speed below 130 kmph (80 mph) on the Autobahn.
Even if you’re planning on travelling independently, check out tours as many (such as a one-day city or 14-day country tour) can be combined with independent travel.
Major Airports in Europe Include:Amsterdam Airport Schiphol, the NetherlandsParis Charles de Gaulle (CDG), FranceFrankfurt (FRA), GermanyLondon Heathrow (LHR), UKLisbon (LIS), PortugalMadrid-Barajas (MAD), SpainRome Fiumicino Leonardo da Vinci (FCO), ItalyDublin Airport (DUB), Ireland
Bill BrysonU.S. writer Bill Bryson’s humorous account of his travels across Europe.
Mark TwainAnecdotes and stories—some of them quite tall—about the humorist’s travels through Germany, Switzerland, and Italy. Not one of Twain’s best books, nonetheless an amusing read.
M.F.K. FisherA collection of essays—some autobiographical and some about food preparation and consumption—from California, France, Switzerland, Italy, and Mexico, all interwoven with Fisher’s passion for food and cooking.
Paul TherouxChronicle of Theroux’s travels from Gibraltar around the Mediterranean coasts of Spain, Italy, Greece, and North Africa, with no shortage of insights and sardonic opinions.
Norman DaviesA new history of the Second World War in which Davies explores both the causes of the war and the great effects throughout the continent.
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Destination guides to countries and cities worldwide www.wordtravels.com
Guide to more than 200 airports around the world www.worldairportguide.com
Cheap airline tickets to domestic and worldwide destinations www.cheapflights.co.uk
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