The words “East meets West” and “where Orient meets Occident” are often used in relation to Turkey, but these do not do service to a country that is modernising rapidly and knocking on Europe's door. Although prices are rising, Turkey is one of the Mediterranean's best bargains; hotels and taxis are a steal compared to other cities. Due to this popularity, there is lots of competition on UK-Turkey routes. There are plenty of cheap flights to Turkey available. While you're there, take advantage of the exchange rate (one Turkish New Lira converts to about £0.40) and consider buying carpets, leather and jewellery. Don't think drinking apple tea will help you blend in - no self-respecting Turk would touch it - but Turkish delight and Baklava (preferably the Gulluoglu brand) are universal favourites.
Places not to miss include Istanbul, a world capital for thousands of years and three empires; Bodrum, the package holiday favourite; Ephesus, an ancient holy city from the Roman era, close to Izmir; Cappadocia, a stunning moonscape of “fairy chimneys” that once were home to Hittites, Romans and Christians; and Nemrut in eastern Turkey, where colossal statues and two temples dominate an artificial mountaintop.
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Peak Season:
Spring and autumn are the best times to search for cheap flights to Turkey and visit. Istanbul is best seen between April and June and in September and October. The Marmara (Bodrum), Aegean (Ephesus) and Mediterranean coasts have a typical Mediterranean climate with hot summers and mild winters. Central Anatolia (Cappadocia) has hot, dry summers and cold winters, while Eastern Anatolia (Nemrut) has mild summers and long snowy cold winters.Off Season:
The winters in Turkey are harsh and the country doesn't really have a winter tourist season. While cheap flights to Turkey and cheaper accommodation are likely during this time, the weather will play a significant part in your travel plans.
Turkish Airlines links all the major cities, and low-cost airlines Onur Air and Atlasjet are also options. Cyprus Turkish Airlines offer domestic Turkey flights from Istanbul to Ercan, Ankara, Adana, Antalya, Dalaman and Izmir.
Renting a car in Turkey is expensive, but buses offer a good, regular and cheap service. Dolmuses (shared taxis) are a good option for short trips. They are very cheap and are a great way to get to know fellow travellers. The destination is written on the front of the vehicle, and fares are posted usually above the driver's head. Travelling this way can be be tricky if you've got a lot of luggage however and they tend to stop running in the early evening.
Trains too can be good value. Car ferries are popular and can save lots of driving time. Tourist destinations are well-served. The Fez Bus is a long-distance hop-on, hop-off service which travels to the major tourist spots of western Turkey.
Istanbul Ataturk International Airport (IST). The airport is situated 23km (15 miles) west of Istanbul.
Antalya International Airport (AYT). The airport is situated 10km (six miles) from Antalya.
Izmir Adnan Menderes International Airport (ADB) (website: www.adnanmenderesairport.com). The airport is located 18km (11 miles) from Izmir.
ATM Dalaman Airport (DLM) (website: www.atmairport.aero). The airport is situated about 6km (four miles) from Dalaman.
Esenboga International Airport (ESB) (website: www.ataturkairport.com). The airport is located northeast of Ankara, 28km (17 miles) from the city centre.
UK passport holders must have a valid passport. British Citizens and British National (Overseas) residing in Hong Kong can obtain a multiple-entry visa on arrival for three months, but other passport holders must obtain a visa from an overseas Turkish mission prior to arrival.
All passports must be valid for at least the period of stay. All travellers to Turkey are required to hold documents for onward or return travel, and sufficient funds for the period of their stay. Entry may be refused to those of unkempt appearance.
Irfan OrgaAn unforgettable rendering of the last years of the Ottoman Empire, as seen through the eyes of a small boy.
Jason Goodwin Glittering, witty, delicious romp of a history of the Ottoman Empire.
Jeremy Seal One man's fruitless search for a hat produces many laughs, and a telling portrait of modern Turkey.
Freya StarkInspirational travel writer's classic account of her journeys on the Turkish coast.
Les CarlyonCompulsively readable history, by an Australian, of the military campaign through which Turkey was saved from obliteration in the First World War.
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