What are the cheapest airlines flying from Penang to London round-trip?

Cheapflights users have booked flights from Penang to London round-trip from £565. Other airlines that can offer you cheap pricing are China Eastern, from £565, and China Southern, from £579. Emirates is 13% cheaper than the average price of flights available within the next 90 days to this destination.

What are the cheapest airlines to fly from Penang to London one-way?

For one-way options, check prices for China Eastern. According to our data, you can fly for as low as £328. Users have also found prices from £341 and £367 on Emirates and Malaysia Airlines, respectively.

What is the cheapest day to fly from Penang to London?

Travellers seeking maximum savings on their Penang to London flight should consider departing on Wednesday mornings when fares are most often at their lowest. Thursday mornings flights should be avoided if possible as fares are typically the most expensive at this time.

What are the most popular routes from Penang to London?

Most travelers choose Penang Intl - London Heathrow, Penang Intl - London Gatwick or Penang Intl - London City when deciding on the best route from Penang to London.

What are the most popular airlines that fly from Penang to London?

When booking a flight from Penang to London, you may want to consider flying on Emirates, Malaysia Airlines or Singapore Airlines as they are the most popular for this route.

What is the cheapest day to fly round-trip from Penang to London?

Travelers have found that booking a Monday departure is the best way to save up to 57% on the cost of booking your flights compared to booking on days of the week where this route is of high demand.

How far in advance should I book a flight from Penang to London?

To save on the cost of your flight from Penang to London, book at least 60 days before your planned departure. Booking around this time can save you about 24% on the cost of this flight compared to booking a flight leaving this week. We have found prices from £571 if you need a flight within two weeks. For flights within the next 72 hours, you can find tickets from as low as £1,049.

What is the cheapest month to fly from Penang to London?

Our data shows that October tends to be the cheapest month to fly to London from Penang. Users have commonly found prices around £651 for the month, but tickets can be as low as £487. Due to multiple factors, prepare for potentially higher prices in December.

What airport do you fly from for flights from Penang to London?

Located just 9.0 mi from the city center, Penang Intl is the airport most travelers will use when flying to London from Penang. Booking flights from Penang Intl (PEN) to London should be relatively easy as there are 0 daily outbound flights to London from 3 different airlines.

Can I find deals for flights from Penang to London that include hotel bookings?

Yes. In addition to deals on Penang to London flights, Cheapflights offers holiday packages that include both flights and hotel.

How can I find direct flights from Penang to London?

After entering your origin and destination, apply the non-stop filter on the search result page to find direct flights from Penang to London.

Can I find deals for business class flights from Penang to London?

Yes. Cheapflights offers flight deals from Penang to London by cabin class. In addition to browsing deals, you can also filter by cabin class on the search results page after making a search.

£221+ Flights from Penang, Malaysia to London, England

The best prices from Penang Intl to London are usually found in October or November, booked 87 days in advance, depart on a Tuesday or Wednesday and return on a Thursday

Find flights from Penang to London within your budget

Fly from

Fly to

Route

Depart

Return

Price

PenangLondon

PEN - LGW

PENLGW

Penang Intl

Sat 14/12

21:55-06:40

1 stop16h 45m

London Gatwick

Tue 18/3

13:35-15:00

1 stop17h 25m

£565

PenangLondon

PEN - LHR

PENLHR

Penang Intl

Sat 14/12

08:30-17:30

1 stop41h 00m

London Heathrow

Tue 18/3

21:00-07:30

1 stop26h 30m

£565

PenangLondon

PEN - LGW

PENLGW

Penang Intl

Tue 11/2

06:35-06:40

2 stops32h 05m

London Gatwick

Thu 20/2

09:40-18:30

2 stops24h 50m

£569

PenangLondon

PEN - LHR

PENLHR

Penang Intl

Sat 14/12

23:55-18:15

1 stop26h 20m

London Heathrow

Tue 18/3

21:30-21:00

2 stops39h 30m

£579

PenangLondon

PEN - LHR

PENLHR

Penang Intl

Tue 11/2

21:45-07:10

2 stops41h 25m

London Heathrow

Thu 20/2

19:00-15:00

1 stop36h 00m

£591

PenangLondon

PEN - STN

PENSTN

Penang Intl

Tue 14/1

20:35-12:05

2 stops23h 30m

London Stansted

Wed 22/1

14:05-15:00

1 stop16h 55m

£610

PenangLondon

PEN - LHR

PENLHR

Penang Intl

Wed 12/3

05:50-18:20

2 stops20h 30m

London Heathrow

Wed 19/3

09:10-14:50

2 stops21h 40m

£629

PenangLondon

PEN - LHR

PENLHR

Penang Intl

Tue 14/1

21:15-15:35

1 stop26h 20m

London Heathrow

Wed 22/1

10:55-17:10

1 stop22h 15m

£661

PenangLondon

PEN - STN

PENSTN

Penang Intl

Sat 14/12

21:55-12:05

1 stop22h 10m

London Stansted

Tue 18/3

14:05-15:00

1 stop16h 55m

£677

PenangLondon

PEN - LGW

PENLGW

Penang Intl

Sun 13/4

21:15-06:25

1 stop16h 10m

London Gatwick

Sat 26/4

10:15-11:10

1 stop17h 55m

£711

Flights are sorted by cheapest first

Deals found on 13/11

Showing 1-10 of 39 results

Cheap flight deals from Penang to London

Round-trip from	£565
One-way from	£221
Popular in	December
Cheapest in	October

Emirates
14/12-18/3
2 total stops
34h 10m total
Penang to London

Search Deals

28/11
2 total stops
39h 15m total
Penang to London

Search Deals

High demand for flights, 15% potential price rise

Search Deals

Best time to find cheap flights, 13% potential price drop

Search Deals

Find flight deals from Penang to London

Cheapest flights from Penang to London
Explore the most affordable flight options available from Penang to London. Find the lowest fares from popular airlines and budget airlines, with prices last updated on 15 November 2024.

Sat 14/1221:55PEN - LGW

1 stop16h 45mEmirates

Tue 18/313:35LGW - PEN

1 stop17h 25mEmirates

Deal found 15/11£565

Sat 14/1208:30PEN - LHR

1 stop41h 00mChina Eastern

Tue 18/321:00LHR - PEN

1 stop26h 30mChina Eastern

Deal found 15/11£565

Sat 14/1223:55PEN - LHR

1 stop26h 20mChina Southern

Tue 18/321:30LHR - PEN

2 stops39h 30mChina Southern

Deal found 15/11£579

Sat 14/1221:55PEN - LGW

1 stop21h 45mMultiple Airlines

Tue 18/309:40LGW - PEN

2 stops21h 10mMultiple Airlines

Deal found 15/11£585

Sat 14/1221:55PEN - STN

1 stop22h 10mEmirates

Tue 18/314:05STN - PEN

1 stop16h 55mEmirates

Deal found 15/11£677

Sat 14/1221:55PEN - STN

1 stop27h 50mMultiple Airlines

Tue 18/320:15STN - PEN

2 stops34h 35mMultiple Airlines

Deal found 15/11£678

Tue 17/1213:00PEN - LHR

1 stop38h 10mMultiple Airlines

Tue 31/1221:30LHR - PEN

2 stops26h 00mMultiple Airlines

Deal found 15/11£716

Sat 14/1205:50PEN - LHR

2 stops36h 05mTurkish Airlines

Tue 18/306:35LHR - PEN

2 stops24h 15mTurkish Airlines

Deal found 15/11£752

Fri 22/1121:55PEN - LHR

1 stop23h 55mEmirates

Fri 6/1215:50LHR - PEN

1 stop15h 30mEmirates

Deal found 14/11£755

Thu 12/1205:50PEN - LHR

1 stop17h 35mMalaysia Airlines

Thu 19/1210:25LHR - PEN

1 stop20h 25mMalaysia Airlines

Deal found 14/11£836

Sat 7/1213:00PEN - LHR

1 stop38h 10mShenzhen Airlines

Sun 15/1221:10LHR - PEN

1 stop30h 50mShenzhen Airlines

Deal found 15/11£839

Sat 14/1212:05PEN - LCY

2 stops32h 35mMultiple Airlines

Tue 18/317:45LCY - PEN

2 stops18h 40mMultiple Airlines

Deal found 15/11£841

Best flights from Penang to London
Discover carefully curated flight deals from Penang to London that have cost, travel time, and stopovers in mind to ensure you get the best travel experience. Data last updated 15 November 2024.

Sat 14/1221:55PEN - LGW

1 stop16h 45mEmirates

Tue 18/313:35LGW - PEN

1 stop17h 25mEmirates

Deal found 15/11£565

Sat 14/1208:30PEN - LHR

1 stop41h 00mChina Eastern

Tue 18/321:00LHR - PEN

1 stop26h 30mChina Eastern

Deal found 15/11£565

Tue 11/206:35PEN - LGW

2 stops32h 05mMultiple Airlines

Thu 20/209:40LGW - PEN

2 stops24h 50mMultiple Airlines

Deal found 15/11£569

Sat 14/1223:55PEN - LHR

1 stop26h 20mChina Southern

Tue 18/321:30LHR - PEN

2 stops39h 30mChina Southern

Deal found 15/11£579

Tue 14/121:15PEN - LHR

1 stop26h 20mSingapore Airlines

Wed 22/110:55LHR - PEN

1 stop22h 15mSingapore Airlines

Deal found 15/11£661

Sat 8/205:50PEN - LHR

1 stop17h 35mMalaysia Airlines

Mon 10/221:25LHR - PEN

1 stop16h 30mMalaysia Airlines

Deal found 14/11£749

Sat 14/1205:50PEN - LHR

2 stops36h 05mTurkish Airlines

Tue 18/306:35LHR - PEN

2 stops24h 15mTurkish Airlines

Deal found 15/11£752

Sun 13/421:50PEN - LHR

2 stops22h 40mQatar Airways

Sat 26/417:05LHR - PEN

2 stops17h 15mQatar Airways

Deal found 15/11£803

Sun 30/313:00PEN - LHR

1 stop24h 15mCathay Pacific

Sun 13/420:10LHR - PEN

1 stop32h 50mCathay Pacific

Deal found 15/11£807

Sat 7/1213:00PEN - LHR

1 stop38h 10mShenzhen Airlines

Sun 15/1221:10LHR - PEN

1 stop30h 50mShenzhen Airlines

Deal found 15/11£839

Sun 15/1215:20PEN - LHR

1 stop33h 35mChina Airlines

Sat 21/1221:15LHR - PEN

1 stop33h 05mChina Airlines

Deal found 13/11£924

Sat 7/1222:20PEN - LHR

2 stops21h 20mBritish Airways

Fri 13/1218:55LHR - PEN

1 stop39h 10mBritish Airways

Deal found 14/11£934

Last-minute flights from Penang to London
Discover last-minute flight deals from Penang to London. Data last updated 15 November 2024 and is based on user searches.

Fri 22/1123:55PEN - LHR

1 stop26h 20mChina Southern

Fri 6/1217:50LHR - PEN

2 stops20h 55mChina Southern

Deal found 14/11£719

Fri 22/1121:55PEN - LHR

1 stop23h 55mEmirates

Fri 6/1215:50LHR - PEN

1 stop15h 30mEmirates

Deal found 14/11£755

Fri 22/1122:20PEN - LHR

2 stops23h 45mQatar Airways

Fri 6/1214:55LHR - PEN

2 stops19h 10mQatar Airways

Deal found 15/11£873

Sat 7/1213:00PEN - LHR

1 stop38h 10mShenzhen Airlines

Sun 15/1221:10LHR - PEN

1 stop30h 50mShenzhen Airlines

Deal found 15/11£839

Thu 12/1205:50PEN - LHR

1 stop17h 35mMalaysia Airlines

Thu 19/1210:25LHR - PEN

1 stop20h 25mMalaysia Airlines

Deal found 14/11£836

Sat 14/1221:55PEN - LGW

1 stop16h 45mEmirates

Tue 18/313:35LGW - PEN

1 stop17h 25mEmirates

Deal found 15/11£565

Sat 14/1208:30PEN - LHR

1 stop41h 00mChina Eastern

Tue 18/321:00LHR - PEN

1 stop26h 30mChina Eastern

Deal found 15/11£565

Sat 14/1223:55PEN - LHR

1 stop26h 20mChina Southern

Tue 18/321:30LHR - PEN

2 stops39h 30mChina Southern

Deal found 15/11£579

Sat 14/1221:55PEN - LGW

1 stop21h 45mMultiple Airlines

Tue 18/309:40LGW - PEN

2 stops21h 10mMultiple Airlines

Deal found 15/11£585

Sat 14/1221:55PEN - STN

1 stop22h 10mEmirates

Tue 18/314:05STN - PEN

1 stop16h 55mEmirates

Deal found 15/11£677

Sat 14/1221:55PEN - STN

1 stop27h 50mMultiple Airlines

Tue 18/320:15STN - PEN

2 stops34h 35mMultiple Airlines

Deal found 15/11£678

Sat 14/1205:50PEN - LHR

2 stops36h 05mTurkish Airlines

Tue 18/306:35LHR - PEN

2 stops24h 15mTurkish Airlines

Deal found 15/11£752

One-way flights from Penang to London
Search for one-way flight options from Penang to London. Find affordable one-way fares based on user searches. Data last updated 15 November 2024.

Thu 28/1111:55PEN - LHR

2 stops39h 15mMultiple Airlines

Deal found 13/11£221

Sun 15/1210:00PEN - LGW

2 stops29h 00mMultiple Airlines

Deal found 14/11£233

Mon 16/1206:35PEN - LTN

2 stops26h 35mMultiple Airlines

Deal found 14/11£292

Sun 15/1209:10PEN - LCY

3 stops31h 35mMultiple Airlines

Deal found 15/11£298

Sun 15/1206:35PEN - STN

3 stops35h 00mMultiple Airlines

Deal found 14/11£311

Thu 28/1108:30PEN - LHR

1 stop37h 25mChina Eastern

Deal found 13/11£328

Sat 14/1208:30PEN - LGW

1 stop37h 30mChina Eastern

Deal found 14/11£336

Sun 15/1221:55PEN - LGW

1 stop28h 30mEmirates

Deal found 15/11£341

Sun 15/1221:55PEN - STN

1 stop27h 50mEmirates

Deal found 14/11£350

Sun 15/1220:35PEN - LHR

1 stop26h 50mMalaysia Airlines

Deal found 15/11£367

Sun 29/1207:55PEN - LHR

1 stop39h 05mCathay Pacific

Deal found 13/11£402

Sun 15/1220:35PEN - LCY

2 stops18h 40mKLM

Deal found 14/11£698

Best time to book a flight from Penang to London

Have a flexible travel schedule? Discover the best time to fly to London from Penang with our price prediction graph.

Estimated return price

Rates are based on past data. Find the cheapest month and day to book your flight based on your travel requirements, then search for cheap deals.

Travel insights for flights from Penang to London

Get recent, data-driven insights about flights from Penang to London including ideal travel times, pricing trends, and more.

How far ahead should I book a flight from Penang to London?

The best time to book flights from Penang to London is 87 days before your desired departure date. The cost of your flight will likely increase significantly if you book two weeks in advance of your flight.

What is the cheapest month to book a flight from Penang to London?

Currently, January is the cheapest month in which you can book a flight from Penang to London (average of £112). Flying from Penang to London in July is currently the most expensive (average of £160). There are several factors that can impact the price of a flight, so comparing airlines, departure airports and flight times can provide users with more options.

What is the cheapest time of day to fly from PEN to LON?

It’s optimal to fly from Penang to London in the morning. By choosing this option you can save up to 8% on the cost of your flight, compared to a flight at midday.

Rainfall in London by month

In terms of precipitation, rainfall in London ranges from 40.0 - 70.0 inches per month. January is typically the wettest month, when rainfall can reach 70.0 mm. July is typically the driest time to visit London when rainfall is around 40.0 mm.

Temperature in London by month

If weather is an important factor for your trip to London, use this chart to help with planning. For those seeking warmer temperatures, July is the ideal time of year to visit, when temperatures reach an average of 17.0 C. Travellers hoping to avoid the cold should look outside of January, when temperatures are typically at their lowest (around 4.0 C).

Reviews of airlines servicing London

To help decide which airline to fly from Penang to London, see what other customers have to say about China Southern, Singapore Airlines and Turkish Airlines. Users have also rated airlines in terms of entertainment options, comfort, food, crew/service, and boarding process.

China Airlines

8.3

Very Good

780 reviews

Check prices

Reviews

1 / 10

Had a beer dropped in my lap which was a total accident, what I want impressed with was the fact that I had to ask for a towel to clean up my leg and the ground. From Taipei to Seattle

China Airlines

8.3

Very Good

780 reviews

China Airlines

8.3

Very Good

780 reviews

Check prices

Reviews

1 / 10

Had a beer dropped in my lap which was a total accident, what I want impressed with was the fact that I had to ask for a towel to clean up my leg and the ground. From Taipei to Seattle

Emirates

8.1

Very Good

3,505 reviews

China Airlines

8.3

Very Good

780 reviews

Check prices

Reviews

1 / 10

Had a beer dropped in my lap which was a total accident, what I want impressed with was the fact that I had to ask for a towel to clean up my leg and the ground. From Taipei to Seattle

Singapore Airlines

8.1

Very Good

1,334 reviews

China Airlines

8.3

Very Good

780 reviews

Check prices

Reviews

1 / 10

Had a beer dropped in my lap which was a total accident, what I want impressed with was the fact that I had to ask for a towel to clean up my leg and the ground. From Taipei to Seattle

KLM

7.8

Good

1,350 reviews

China Airlines

8.3

Very Good

780 reviews

Check prices

Reviews

1 / 10

Had a beer dropped in my lap which was a total accident, what I want impressed with was the fact that I had to ask for a towel to clean up my leg and the ground. From Taipei to Seattle

Austrian Airlines

7.6

Good

810 reviews

China Airlines

8.3

Very Good

780 reviews

Check prices

Reviews

1 / 10

Had a beer dropped in my lap which was a total accident, what I want impressed with was the fact that I had to ask for a towel to clean up my leg and the ground. From Taipei to Seattle

Related info for your journey

What airport do you fly from for flights from Penang to London?
Located just 9.0 mi from the city center, Penang Intl is the airport most travelers will use when flying to London from Penang. Booking flights from Penang Intl (PEN) to London should be relatively easy as there are 0 daily outbound flights to London from 3 different airlines.
What are the cheapest airlines flying from Penang to London round-trip?
Cheapflights users have booked flights from Penang to London round-trip from £565. Other airlines that can offer you cheap pricing are China Eastern, from £565, and China Southern, from £579. Emirates is 13% cheaper than the average price of flights available within the next 90 days to this destination.
What are the cheapest airlines to fly from Penang to London one-way?
For one-way options, check prices for China Eastern. According to our data, you can fly for as low as £328. Users have also found prices from £341 and £367 on Emirates and Malaysia Airlines, respectively.
What are the most popular routes from Penang to London?
Most travelers choose Penang Intl - London Heathrow, Penang Intl - London Gatwick or Penang Intl - London City when deciding on the best route from Penang to London.
Can I find deals for flights from Penang to London that include hotel bookings?
Yes. In addition to deals on Penang to London flights, Cheapflights offers holiday packages that include both flights and hotel.
How can I find direct flights from Penang to London?
After entering your origin and destination, apply the non-stop filter on the search result page to find direct flights from Penang to London.
Can I find deals for business class flights from Penang to London?
Yes. Cheapflights offers flight deals from Penang to London by cabin class. In addition to browsing deals, you can also filter by cabin class on the search results page after making a search.
What is the cheapest month to book a flight from Penang to London?
Currently, January is the cheapest month in which you can book a flight from Penang to London (average of £112). Flying from Penang to London in July is currently the most expensive (average of £160). There are several factors that can impact the price of a flight, so comparing airlines, departure airports and flight times can provide users with more options.

See more FAQs

Browse thousands of different options on Cheapflights for your next trip

Top 3 airlines flying from Penang to London

Airline	Cheapest	Average	Flexibility	On-time
Singapore Airlines	Cheapest£511	Average£677	FlexibilityNo cancel fee	On-time81%	Search Singapore Airlines flights
Malaysia Airlines	Cheapest£534	Average£719	FlexibilityNo cancel fee	On-time67%	Search Malaysia Airlines flights
Emirates	Cheapest£585	Average£680	FlexibilityNo cancel fee	On-time75%	Search Emirates flights

Fly with Cheapflights

How does Cheapflights help users find flights from Penang to London?

Cheapflights makes it easy to find Penang to London flights by helping our users search from 900+ travel sites for deals. We also provide you with filters for cabin, price, airline, airports, number of stops, and many more to narrow down that perfect flight.

Why should you use Cheapflights to find cheap flight tickets from Penang to London?

Millions of users choose and trust Cheapflights to book the best flight deals from Penang to London for free. We help you search and compare prices from hundreds of airlines for the right flight just for you.

Can Cheapflights find flights from Penang to London with no change fees?

Certainly. Search results for flights to London from Penang shown to you on Cheapflights can be narrowed down with different useful search filters, which includes flexible booking options.

Can Cheapflights notify me if prices for flights from Penang to London become cheaper?

Yes, Cheapflights has a feature called Price Alert, which notifies users when flight prices change. Track prices for your flight to London from Penang today and book when prices fit your budget.

100% Free

Cheapflights is completely free to use, so you can start saving the moment you arrive.

Book with Flexibility

Our users can plan ahead with confidence and find flights with no change fees

Travel Smart

Millions of people come to us for their flight needs every year. We help make travel planning easy by providing useful insights and data-driven graphs that can inform your decisions.

View all available airlines

Cheap flights from Penang to London from £221

This is the cheapest one-way flight price found by a Cheapflights user in the last 72 hours by searching for a flight departing on 28/11. Fares are subject to change and may not be available on all flights or dates of travel.

The best prices from Penang Intl to London are usually found in October or November, booked 87 days in advance, depart on a Tuesday or Wednesday and return on a Thursday

Find flights from Penang to London within your budget

Cheap flight deals from Penang to London

Round-trip from

One-way from

Popular in

Cheapest in

Find flight deals from Penang to London

Cheapest flights from Penang to LondonExplore the most affordable flight options available from Penang to London. Find the lowest fares from popular airlines and budget airlines, with prices last updated on 15 November 2024.

Explore the most affordable flight options available from Penang to London. Find the lowest fares from popular airlines and budget airlines, with prices last updated on 15 November 2024.

Best time to book a flight from Penang to London

Have a flexible travel schedule? Discover the best time to fly to London from Penang with our price prediction graph.

Travel insights for flights from Penang to London

Get recent, data-driven insights about flights from Penang to London including ideal travel times, pricing trends, and more.

How far ahead should I book a flight from Penang to London?

Use this chart to determine the optimal time to book a return flight from Penang to London. Price data was last updated on 8 November 2024.

What is the cheapest month to book a flight from Penang to London?

What is the cheapest time of day to fly from PEN to LON?

Find hourly flight availability from Penang to London. Discover flight options and departure times throughout the day, allowing you to choose a departure time that suits your schedule. Data last updated 15 November 2024.

Rainfall in London by month

Plan your trip to London by taking into account the average rainfall totals by month.

Temperature in London by month

Plan your trip to London by taking into account the average temperature totals by month.

Reviews of airlines servicing London

To help decide which airline to fly from Penang to London, see what other customers have to say about China Southern, Singapore Airlines and Turkish Airlines. Users have also rated airlines in terms of entertainment options, comfort, food, crew/service, and boarding process.

Related info for your journey

Find useful and relevant information for your journey from Penang to London. Access travel guides, tips, and recommendations to enhance your travel experience. Get information about local attractions, weather, transportation options, and more.

What airport do you fly from for flights from Penang to London?

What are the cheapest airlines flying from Penang to London round-trip?

What are the cheapest airlines to fly from Penang to London one-way?

What are the most popular routes from Penang to London?

Can I find deals for flights from Penang to London that include hotel bookings?

How can I find direct flights from Penang to London?

Can I find deals for business class flights from Penang to London?

What is the cheapest month to book a flight from Penang to London?

Browse thousands of different options on Cheapflights for your next trip

Toggle through the tabs below to find thousands of options on Cheapflights for your next trip.

Alternative routes for Penang to London

See prices for flight routes from nearby airports that may be better suited for you.

Top 3 airlines flying from Penang to London

Fly with Cheapflights

Find the best flight deals on Cheapflights, where travellers can enjoy low prices and a wide availability of flights to their desired destinations.

How does Cheapflights help users find flights from Penang to London?

Why should you use Cheapflights to find cheap flight tickets from Penang to London?

Can Cheapflights find flights from Penang to London with no change fees?

Can Cheapflights notify me if prices for flights from Penang to London become cheaper?

100% Free

Book with Flexibility

Travel Smart

Cheapest flights from Penang to London
Explore the most affordable flight options available from Penang to London. Find the lowest fares from popular airlines and budget airlines, with prices last updated on 15 November 2024.